Which type of acid is commonly used for chemical exfoliation?

Glycolic acid is a type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that is widely recognized for its effectiveness in chemical exfoliation. It works by dissolving the bonds that hold dead skin cells together on the surface of the skin, allowing for easier shedding of those cells. This process promotes cell turnover, resulting in a smoother and brighter complexion. Glycolic acid is particularly beneficial for improving skin texture, reducing the appearance of fine lines, and addressing concerns such as hyperpigmentation and acne.

While other acids, like salicylic acid, also have exfoliating properties, they operate differently. Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that penetrates deeper into the pores and is primarily used for treating acne rather than general exfoliation. Hyaluronic acid, in contrast, is primarily a humectant used for hydration and does not have exfoliating properties. Citric acid, another alpha hydroxy acid, does have some exfoliating capabilities but is not as commonly utilized in professional chemical peels as glycolic acid. Thus, glycolic acid is the most recognized and frequently used for chemical exfoliation in esthetics practices.