Which ingredient is primarily used to treat acne?

Salicylic acid is primarily used to treat acne due to its ability to penetrate the pores and help exfoliate the inside of the follicles. This ingredient is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA), which means it is oil-soluble and can dissolve oil that clogs pores. By unclogging these pores, salicylic acid helps to prevent the formation of new acne lesions and reduces existing acne by promoting cell turnover.

In addition to its exfoliating properties, salicylic acid also has anti-inflammatory benefits that can help reduce the redness and swelling associated with acne. It is particularly effective for individuals with oily skin and is often found in various over-the-counter acne treatments, including cleansers, toners, and spot treatments.

Other ingredients, while beneficial for skin health, serve different roles. Benzoyl peroxide is also widely used for acne treatment and works differently by killing acne-causing bacteria. Niacinamide is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and benefits in improving the skin barrier but is not primarily used to treat acne. Hyaluronic acid is a powerful humectant that provides hydration but does not directly target acne.