What is the primary function of a toner in skin care?

The primary function of a toner in skin care is to balance the pH of the skin after cleansing. Cleansing products can often disrupt the skin's natural pH level, which is slightly acidic, typically around 4.5 to 5.5. By using a toner, especially those formulated to restore pH balance, you help to re-acidify the skin, making it more resilient and better able to function as a protective barrier against environmental stressors and bacteria.

Toners can also prep the skin for the next steps in a skincare routine, such as serums and moisturizers, allowing these products to absorb more effectively. While some toners might have additional benefits, like moisturizing or exfoliating properties, their core purpose is to restore the skin’s optimal pH after cleansing.