What action should the practitioner take if pediculosis is present on the scalp of a client?

When a practitioner identifies pediculosis, or lice infestation, on a client's scalp, the most appropriate action is to refer the client to a physician. This is important because pediculosis requires medical intervention to effectively treat and eliminate the infestation, as over-the-counter treatments may not be fully effective for all cases and a physician can provide a prescription for stronger, more effective treatments if necessary.

Additionally, referring to a physician ensures that the client receives tailored advice and treatment suited to their particular situation, including potential follow-up care and assessment for any secondary infections that could arise from scratching or irritation.

While other options like applying a soothing balm or a chemical treatment might seem like immediate solutions, they do not adequately address the underlying issue of the lice infestation and could potentially lead to misuse of products. Providing a deep cleansing treatment would not resolve the infestation either, as lice are not eliminated through typical cleansing. Therefore, referring the client to a physician is the most responsible and effective course of action.